|
The history of Dianetics possibly begins in the 1920s. Its originator L. Ron Hubbard claimed that his ideas of Dianetics originated in the 1920s and 1930s. By his own account, he spent a great deal of time in the Oak Knoll Naval Hospital's library, where he would have encountered the work of Freud and other psychoanalysts. In April 1950, Hubbard and several others established the Hubbard Dianetic Research Foundation in Elizabeth, New Jersey to coordinate work related for the forthcoming publication. Hubbard first introduced Dianetics to the public in the article ''Dianetics: The Evolution of a Science'' published in the May 1950 issue of the magazine ''Astounding Science Fiction''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 The Creation of 'Religious' Scientology ) Originally published by Stephen A. Kent in December, 1999.〕 Hubbard wrote ''Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health'' at that time, allegedly completing the 180,000-word book in six weeks.〔"L.R.H. Biography," Sea Org Flag Information Letter 67, 31 October 1977〕 The success of selling ''Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health'' brought in a flood of money, which Hubbard used to establish Dianetics foundations in six major American cities. The scientific and medical communities were far less enthusiastic about Dianetics, viewing it with bemusement, concern, or outright derision. Complaints were made against local Dianetics practitioners for allegedly practicing medicine without a license. This eventually prompted Dianetics advocates to disclaim any medicinal benefits in order to avoid regulation. Hubbard explained the backlash as a response from various entities trying to co-opt Dianetics for their own use. Hubbard blamed the hostile press coverage in particular on a plot by the American Communist Party. In later years, Hubbard decided that the psychiatric profession was the origin of all of the criticism of Dianetics, as he believed it secretly controlled most of the world's governments.〔Hubbard, "Ron's Journal 67," taped message of 20 September 1969〕 By the autumn of 1950, financial problems had developed, and by November 1950, the six Foundations had spent around one million dollars and were more than $200,000 in debt.〔''Dianetics and the Professions'', A.E. van Vogt, 1953〕 Disagreements emerged over the direction of the Dianetic Foundation's work, and relations between the board members became strained, with several leaving, even to support causes critical of Dianetics. One example was Harvey Jackins, founder of Re-evaluation Counselling, originally a sort of discrete reworking of Dianetics, which L Ron Hubbard later declared suppressive to Scientology. In January 1951, the New Jersey Board of Medical Examiners instituted proceedings against the Hubbard Dianetic Research Foundation in Elizabeth for teaching medicine without a licence.〔''Bulletin of the Hubbard Dianetic Research Foundation'', Elizabeth, NJ. January 1951〕 The Foundation closed its doors, causing the proceedings to be vacated, but its creditors began to demand settlement of its outstanding debts. Don Purcell, a millionaire Dianeticist from Wichita, Kansas, offered a brief respite from bankruptcy, but the Foundation's finances failed again in 1952. Because of a sale of assets resulting from the bankruptcy, Hubbard no longer owned the rights to the name "Dianetics",〔 but its philosophical framework still provided the seed for Scientology to grow. Scientologists refer to the book ''Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health'' as "Book One." In 1952, Hubbard published a new set of teachings as "Scientology, a religious philosophy." Scientology did not replace Dianetics but extended it to cover new areas. Where the goal of Dianetics is to rid the individual of his reactive mind engrams, the stated goal of Scientology is to rehabilitate the individual's spiritual nature so that he may reach his full potential. In 1978, Hubbard released ''New Era Dianetics'' (NED), a revised version supposed to produce better results in a shorter period of time. The course consists of 11 rundowns and requires a specifically trained auditor.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=New Era Dianetics Auditing )〕 It is run (processed) exactly like Standard Dianetics (once very widely practiced before the advent of NED) except the pre-clear (parishioner) is encouraged to find the "postulate" he made as a result of the incident.〔L. Ron Hubbard ''New Era Dianetics Series 7RA'', HCOB 28 June 1978RA revised 15 September 1978, Hubbard Communications Office (HCO).〕 ("Postulate" in Dianetics and Scientology has the meaning of "a conclusion, decision or resolution made by the individual himself; to conclude, decide or resolve a problem or to set a pattern for the future or to nullify a pattern of the past" in contrast to its conventional meanings.) New Era Dianetics is really only a prelude to what is available at the high levels of the Bridge including the incidents: New Era Dianetics for OTs also known as NOTS. It is available after Xenu and the now well known First Wall of Fire. NOTS is also known as the Second Wall of Fire. Free Zone (Scientology) offers a version of it in the Internet.〔(Advanced level 5 ) - The NOTs(New Era Dianetics for Operating Thetans)Scholars Home Page (Scientology) - Dave Touretzky's Page〕 ==Origins== The ideas of Dianetics originated in unpublished research L. Ron Hubbard supposedly performed in the 1920s〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The History of Dianetics and Scientology in Washington, DC )〕 and 1930s. He recorded the results and his conclusions in an unpublished 1938 manuscript, ''Excalibur'', the contents of which formed the basis for some of his later publications.〔Hubbard, "The Anatomy Of Thought". Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter 26 April 1970R, revised 15 March 1975.〕 After Hubbard's service in the United States Navy during World War II, he was admitted to the Oak Knoll Naval Hospital in Oakland, California. While there, he claimed to have carried out research into endocrinology "to determine whether or not structure monitors function or function monitors structure ... using nothing but Freudian Psychoanalysis and using a park bench as a consulting room", spending a great deal of time in the hospital's library, where he would have encountered the work of Sigmund Freud and other psychoanalysts. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of Dianetics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|